Fecal Samples

23.5 Fecal Samples Many different parasites lay eggs that come out in the feces. By examining the feces with various procedures, it may be possible to tell the exact type of parasite which is living in the animal's body. This is called a “fecal exam.” Most types of fecal exams require special equipment, including a microscope.

When is a Fecal Exam Necessary?

 A fecal sample is not necessary whenever an animal shows the signs of internal parasites. However, if an animal has already been treated for the most likely parasite in the last 3 weeks or so, and it still has diarrhea, etc., then it is best to perform a fecal exam.

 If the sample is positive, think about why it is positive. Was the correct medicine given? Was the dose of medicine enough? Was the medicine spilled when it was fed? Was some of the medicine left in the bottle when it was fed?

Types of Fecal Exams There are many types of fecal exams, but only a few of them are appropriate for AHAs. This book will deal briefly with only 3 types of fecal exams:

 Direct smear  Floatation  Sedimentation Fresh Samples Needed Certain types of parasites are seen best with certain types of fecal tests. For all types of fecal exams, a fresh sample is essential. If the sample is old and dry, the results will not be accurate. In general, the feces should be examined within 12 hours after the feces pass out of the animal. (If the fecal sample is put in the refrigerator, then it can be kept longer.)

The best type of fecal exam for each type of parasite is listed below:

-Trematodes (flukes) Sedimentation method -Nematodes (roundworms) Floatation method -Cestodes (tapeworms) Method varies with type of tapeworm -Coccidia Floatation method