Burns

14.7 Burns Burns can be caused by heat, fire, explosions, electricity and sometimes chemicals. Surface burns (i.e. those affecting only the surface of the skin) are usually not a serious problem. Deep burns, however, can involve the entire layer of skin, the sub-cutaneous tissue under it; and sometimes even muscles and bones. Deep burns can result in serious infections, loss of body fluids, and even death. For most burns, the most important treatment is to keep the affected area clean to avoid infection while the tissues heal.

Take the following immediate actions when a burn occurs:

 Apply cold water immediately to the affected area. Rinsing with lots of cold water is particularly important for a chemical burn.

 Rinse the affected area with a mild, non-irritating disinfectant solution.

 In a dirty environment, apply an antibiotic ointment and, if possible, a bandage to keep the wound clean. In a clean environment, consider not bandaging, rather expose the wound to fresh air while it heals.

 If necessary, give the animal an antibiotic injection to help prevent infection.

 Provide good nursing care such as high quality food, clean drinking water and a clean, dry environment away from other animals.

 Check the wound at least every two days for infection. If you suspect an infection, gently remove some scabs to check for pus. If there is pus, wash the wound thoroughly, apply antibiotic cream to the wound and give the animal an injection of antibiotics.