Oral Antibiotics

29.2.6 Oral Antibiotics SULFADIAZINE + TRIMETHOPRIM (Tribrissen)

Indications: See “sulfa group” above. This medicine is a combination of sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim. It works like a broad-spectrum antibiotic and is less-expensive than ampicillin.

Dosage and Route:

Horses-30 mg/kg by mouth, 2-3 times daily Cattle- 30 mg/kg by mouth, one time daily Sheep - 75 mg/kg by mouth daily Dogs- 15-30 mg/kg by mouth 1-2 times daily Cats- 30 mg/kg by mouth 2 times daily Withdrawal Period: Cattle-meat 3 days, milk 7 days Swine-meat 10 days Sheep-meat 14 days SULFADIMIDINE (Sulfamez)

Indications: See “sulfa group” above.

Dosage and Route:

Cattle- 110 mg/kg by mouth daily Swine- 110 mg/kg by mouth daily Sheep- 110 mg/kg by mouth daily Goats- 110 mg/kg by mouth daily Withdrawal Period Cattle- meat 15 days, milk 3 days Swine-meat 15 days Sheep-meat 15 days Goats-meat 15 days, milk 3 days SULFAMETHAZINE Indications: See “sulfa group” above.

Dosage and Route:

Cattle- 200 mg/kg by mouth for one day, then 100 mg/kg one time daily Swine- 200 mg/kg by mouth for one day, then 100 mg/kg one time daily Sheep- 30 ml of 12.5% solution by mouth for one day, then 15 ml daily Dogs- 50 mg/kg by mouth 2 times daily Cats- 50 mg/kg by mouth 2 times daily Rabbit - 2 g/L drinking water Chicken- 1 g/L drinking water Withdrawal Period: Cattle- meat 10 days, milk 4 days Swine-meat 14 days OXYTETRACYCLINE Indications: See “tetracycline group” above.

Dosage and Route:

Cattle- 10-20 mg/kg by mouth, 4 times daily Swine- 10-20 mg/kg by mouth, 4 times daily Sheep- 10-20 mg/kg by mouth, 4 times daily Goats- 10-20 mg/kg by mouth, 4 times daily Dogs- 22 mg/kg by mouth, 3 times daily Cats- 22 mg/kg by mouth, 3 times daily Withdrawal Period: Cattle by mouth- meat 5 days, milk 4 days Swine- meat 21 days Sheep-meat 21 days Precautions: Do not use in horses. Do not give with milk, or any other antibiotics. It may cause stomach upset. If the injection is a large volume, divide it into several sites.

NITROFURANS

Used as antibiotics and to slow the reproduction of coccidia. It is found in the market in the form of a liquid, a powder, ointment, or bolus. It is useful in non-specific diarrhea and protozoal bloody diarrhea.

a. Animal: Non-ruminants with diarrhea.

b. Dosage: Furazolidone 2g/kg of ration for 2-4 wk.

Nitrofurazone 10mg/kg b.w. orally for 3 days.

c. Freq.: Once daily (for nitrofurazone)

d. How: Mix in feed (furazolidone) or drench.

POULTRY ANTIDIARRHEAL MEDICINES

Many forms of medicines (often sulfas or amprolium) are available in the market for diarrhea in chickens. Use the dose on the label or look in these notes for the specific disease conditions.