Antidotes

29.1.6 ANTIDOTES

ATROPINE (Atropine Sulfate)

Indications: Atropine is used as an antidote for organophosphate insecticide poisoning. See page 83. Doses listed are a guide. Atropine should be given in high enough doses and often enough to control the signs of organophosphate poisoning.

Warning: High doses can cause excitement, dry mouth, vomiting, constipation, seizures, rapid heart rate and shock.

Dosage and Route:

Horses- 0.22 mg/kg, IM, SC Cattle- 0.5 mg/kg, IM, SC Swine- 0.22 mg/kg, IM, SC Sheep- 0.5 mg/kg, IM, SC Goats- 0.5 mg/kg, IM, SC Dogs- 0.2-2.0 mg/kg, IM, SC Cats- 0.2-2.0 mg/kg, IM, SC Withdrawal Period: not known EPINEPHRINE (Adrenaline)

Indications: Epinephrine is used as an emergency drug to treat extreme allergic reaction (anaphylaxis). These sudden, severe, sudden, life threatening allergic reactions may be caused by insect stings, vaccination reaction, or exposure to penicillin.

Precautions: Epinephrine can cause fear, excitement, vomiting, increased heart rate and irregular heart rate. The effects of epinephrine only last for a few minutes but usually the dose does not need to be repeated.

Dosage and Route: For the 1:1,000 solution (1mg/ml)

Horses- 0.3-0.5 ml per 45 kg IM, SC Cattle- 0.5-1.0 ml per 45 kg IM, SC Swine- 0.5-1.0 ml per 45 kg IM, SC Sheep- 0.5-1.0 ml per 45 kg IM, SC Goats- 0.5-1.0 ml per 45 kg IM, SC Dogs- 0.1-0.2 ml per 10 kg IV, IM, SC Cats- 0.1ml IV, SC (For the 1:10,000 solution, give 10 times the volume listed above because it contains 0.1 mg/ml)