Problems Affecting the Blood System

18.2.2 Problems Affecting the Blood System Anaemia (Anemia)

Anemia is a condition of “thin blood” due to insufficient red cells in the blood. The thin blood cannot carry enough oxygen to the tissues of the body. Anaemia is usually caused by internal and external parasites, as well as any chronic disease or organism that destroys the red blood cells (such as Babesia).

Symptoms: Symptoms are discussed in the parasitology section. See page 329.

 Pale color under the eyelids (instead of a healthy pink color).

 Sometimes extra fluid collected under the jaw (bottle jaw).

 Lack of energy.

Diagnosis:

 Without special laboratory equipment, diagnosis is based on symptoms.

 In the laboratory, a technician can count the number of red cells in a blood sample. Or a technician can measure the amount of hemoglobin (the substance that is in the red blood cells).

Treatment:

 Treat for internal parasites.

 If present, treat for external parasites.

 If present, treat any chronic conditions.

 Feed the animal well balanced rations.

Control:

 Regular treatment for worms and flukes, and control of external parasites, will prevent most problems.

 A good diet is important to prevent anaemia.

Blood Cancer There are certain types of cancer that affect blood cells. One type is “leukemia” and may be diagnosed with a blood test. Leukemia interferes with the body’s ability to build up immunity. There is no good treatment for livestock with leukemia. See page 273.